Archaeological research in it signifies the presence of an ancient Scythian town, collectively referred to as the Scythian Neapolis. The place was also residence to a Crimean Tatar city, Aqmescit. Following the annexation of the Crimean Khanate towards the Russian Empire, the city’s name was changed to its existing Simferopol. Its name originates from the Ancient Greek Sympheropolis, which means city of common good. It is spelled Simferopol or also Symferopil. In Crimean Tatar, the name of the town is Aqmescit, which means the white-colored mosque. Archaeological proof in the Chokurcha cave exhibits the existence of ancient individuals residing in the territory of contemporary Simferopol. The Scythian Neapolis, recognized by its Ancient Greek name, is also situated in the town that is the remnants of an historic capital of the Crimean Scythians who else lived on the territory from the Third century BC to the Fourth century AD.
Later on, the Crimean Tatars set up the city of Aqmescit. Its name Aqmescit actually translates as “the white-colored mosque” For a while, Aqmescit served as the home of the Qalğa-Sultan, the 2nd most significant position in the Crimean Khanate following the Khan himself.
Civil War with Russia
The town was called Simferopol in 1784 following the annexation of the Crimean Khanate towards the Russian Empire by Catherine II of Russian federation. Its name Simferopol comes from the Greek, Συμφερόπολις (Simferopolis), translated as “the city of effectiveness. In 1802, Simferopol evolved into the admin center of the Taurida Governorate. Throughout the Crimean Battle of 1854-1856, the Russian Imperial Military reserves along with a hospital were stationed in the town. Following the battle, a lot more than 30, 000 Russian troops were buried in the city’s area.
In the Twentieth century, Simferopol was once again impacted by battles and issues in the area. At the end of the Russian Civil Warfare, the head office of General Pyotr Wrangel, An innovator of the anti-Bolshevik White-colored Army, were situated there. On Nov 13, 1920, the particular Red Army grabbed the town and on 18 Oct 1921, Simferopol grew to become the main city of the Crimean Independent Soviet Socialist Republic.
Throughout World War II, City was occupied by Nazi Germany from 1 Nov 1941 to 13 Apr 1944. Retreating NKVD law enforcement shot numerous prisoners on 31 October 1941 within the NKVD building and also the city’s prison. Germans perpetrated among the biggest war-time massacres in Simferopol, eliminating in total more than 22, 000 locals-mostly Jews, Russians, Krymchaks, as well as Gypsies.On a single event, beginning Dec 9, 1941, the Einsatzgruppen D within Otto Ohlendorf’s command wiped out approximately 14,300 Simferopol inhabitants, many of them being Jews. Following the fall of the Soviet Union 20 years ago, Simferopol grew to become the main city of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea inside recently independent Ukraine. Today, the town has a populace of 340,600 (2006) the majority of whom are cultural Russians, with all the rest being Ukrainian as well as Crimean Tatar minorities.
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